Zoom out to cardiovascular diseases overall, and the trend is even more dramatic.
People in rich countries today have roughly a quarter the chance of dying from cardiovascular diseases as they did in the 1950s at the same ages.
Back then, there were no statins, no cholesterol testing, no bans on trans-fats, no anti-smoking campaigns, no bypass surgery, and no implanted pacemakers.
Diabetes, certain cancers, infectious diseases and other conditions have also become far more treatable than they used to be.
A century ago, if you were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, your remaining life expectancy would be a few months,
and a ‘starvation diet’ would be one of your few options.
Today, you’d simply need to wear a small device on your arm to track your blood sugar level and release insulin to stabilize it in real time.
A century ago, it was unheard of for anyone to be cured of cancer, except, in rare cases, by a surgeon’s knife.
Penicillin hadn’t been discovered,
and a simple wound infection could result in sepsis and death.
Smallpox still existed.
It swept across the world and killed millions globally, year after year.